Alessandro Aresu’s “Geopolitics of AI” (original title “Geopolitica dell’intelligenza artificiale”) is an ambitious and crucial work that delves deep into the complex interplay between artificial intelligence and global power dynamics. Published by Feltrinelli, this extensive volume positions AI not merely as a technological marvel, but as the central fulcrum around which the 21st century’s geopolitical landscape is rapidly reshaping. Aresu, a seasoned political scientist and strategic analyst, offers a compelling and thoroughly researched narrative that is essential reading for anyone seeking to understand the hidden currents driving contemporary international relations.
Aresu’s greatest strength lies in his ability to weave together diverse threads – from the philosophical origins of AI to the nitty-gritty of semiconductor supply chains – into a coherent and illuminating analysis. He masterfully demonstrates that the “intelligence” in artificial intelligence is far from an abstract concept; it is deeply rooted in computational power, massive technological infrastructures, and, crucially, significant commercial and investment operations. The book highlights how the technological revolution is propelled not just by academic breakthroughs but by the strategic decisions and immense capital deployed by major tech companies, particularly those based in the United States and China.
A core theme explored is the intense technological rivalry between the U.S. and China, which permeates every aspect of AI development, from research to infrastructure and resource acquisition. Aresu provides fascinating insights into the key figures shaping this world – not just government officials or university academics, but visionary entrepreneurs and investors with profound scientific backgrounds. He notably features figures like Jensen Huang of NVIDIA, illustrating how the evolution of powerful microchips has been instrumental in enabling the current AI boom and how companies like NVIDIA have become central to global power structures. The narrative also traces the often-overlooked history of AI, stretching back to philosophical concepts, and underscores how present-day developments are built upon centuries of intellectual inquiry and decades of technological experimentation.
Furthermore, Aresu sounds a clear alarm regarding Europe’s position in this escalating technological race. He starkly outlines the continent’s lag, particularly in retaining talent and competing effectively in the critical components of computing infrastructure. The brain drain towards North America, fueled by unparalleled resources and opportunities, is presented not just as an economic deficit but as a profound challenge to Europe’s future relevance. The book moves beyond mere analysis, offering urgent calls to action and challenging readers to envision a bolder, more autonomous Europe capable of genuine technological leadership rather than simply focusing on regulation or ethics.
“Geopolitics of AI” is an impressive synthesis of technology, economics, and international politics. It serves as a vital guide for understanding how seemingly abstract technological advancements have concrete, profound implications for global balance, economic security, and national interests. Aresu’s work is a must-read for policymakers, academics, and engaged citizens alike who wish to grasp the true stakes of the AI revolution and Europe’s critical role within it.
